How long do macrobursts typically last?

Macrobursts are intense downdrafts that can produce significant wind shear, often associated with thunderstorms. They typically manifest quickly, with winds that can exceed 100 knots, and usually last between 5 to 20 minutes. This duration allows for the rapid development of strong gusts that can impact aircraft during takeoff and landing phases.

The phenomenon involves a large-scale downward movement of air, which strikes the ground and spreads out in all directions, leading to powerful surface winds. The shorter duration compared to other weather events—like tornadoes or prolonged severe storms—makes macrobursts particularly dangerous for aviation, resulting in sudden and unexpected changes in wind conditions.

In contrast, other durations provided in the question extend beyond the typical timeframe for macrobursts, encompassing phenomena that generally are more complex or stable than the quick and intense nature of macrobursts. Understanding the characteristics and duration of macrobursts is crucial for pilots, as it helps them anticipate and manage the risks associated with abrupt wind changes.