To fly below the minimum distance requirements, what must a pilot possess?

To fly below the minimum distance requirements, a pilot must possess authorization from a higher regulatory authority, such as the Minister of Transport. This is because operating an aircraft below established minimum distances typically involves deviations from standard safety protocols that are set by aviation authorities to ensure the safety of all airspace users.

Obtaining this authorization involves meeting specific criteria and potentially demonstrating the pilot's ability to conduct such flights safely. This level of oversight ensures that any potential risks associated with flying at reduced distances are adequately managed, thereby maintaining safety standards within aviation operations.

The other options do not provide the required regulatory backing or authority necessary to conduct flights under such conditions. For example, a flight instructor’s approval might offer educational input, but it does not carry the legal weight necessary for regulatory compliance. Similarly, certification from a flight school or approval from the aircraft manufacturer pertains to training and equipment standards rather than regulatory permissions for distance flying.