What are the two main classes of wind shear?

Wind shear refers to the change in wind speed or direction with altitude and can have significant effects on aviation safety, particularly during takeoff and landing phases of flight. The two main classes of wind shear are categorized based on their altitude: high-level and low-level.

High-level wind shear typically occurs at altitudes above 1,000 feet, such as in the upper atmosphere or near jet streams, where strong winds can lead to rapid changes in wind direction and speed. This type of shear can be particularly dangerous for aircraft cruising at high altitudes, where wind patterns can shift abruptly.

Low-level wind shear, found closer to the ground, can occur due to weather phenomena such as thunderstorms or temperature inversions. This can affect aircraft just before they land or take off, causing sudden drops in altitude or changes in flight path that can lead to hazardous situations if not properly managed.

By distinguishing between high-level and low-level wind shear, pilots and air traffic controllers can better prepare for and respond to these challenges during flight operations, enhancing overall safety in aviation.