What is a defining feature of microbursts?

A microburst is characterized primarily by its small size and intense downward airflow. Specifically, it is defined as a strong downdraft that produces localized damage on the ground and is typically less than 2.2 nautical miles in diameter. This compact nature of microbursts distinguishes them from larger downbursts. When they occur, the intense downward wind can rapidly spread out upon hitting the ground, creating hazardous wind shear conditions that pose significant risks to aviation, particularly during takeoff and landing phases.

The other choices relate to larger downbursts, continuous air movements, or gradual wind changes, which do not accurately represent the sudden and intense nature of a microburst. Understanding the definition and scope of a microburst is crucial for recognizing its potential impact on flight operations.