What is the primary function of Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR)?

The primary function of Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR) is to measure distance by calculating the time it takes for emitted radio waves to travel to an object, reflect off of it, and return to the source. This process relies on the principle that the speed of radio waves is constant, allowing the system to determine the distance to the object based on the time delay of the returned signal. This capability is crucial in various applications, particularly in aviation, where it is used to detect the position and movement of aircraft, thereby enhancing situational awareness and safety in air traffic control.

While radar systems can indeed assist in navigation, control ground traffic, and offer information about speed indirectly through target tracking, these functions are secondary to the fundamental operation of measuring distance based on reflected radio waves. Recognizing this primary function underscores the importance of radar technology in monitoring and managing airspace effectively.