What is the primary function of anti-icing systems in an aircraft?

The primary function of anti-icing systems in an aircraft is to keep ice from forming on critical surfaces such as wings, tail, and engines. Ice accumulation can disrupt airflow, reduce lift, and increase drag, which can severely affect an aircraft's performance and safety. By preventing ice from forming in the first place, anti-icing systems contribute to maintaining optimal aerodynamic performance and ensure the aircraft remains controllable, especially during flight in icy conditions.

While options suggesting removal of ice, improving airflow to the engine, or enhancing propeller efficiency may relevantly address aspects of flight safety and efficiency, they do not encapsulate the primary purpose of anti-icing systems. Anti-icing measures are proactive, preventing ice from forming rather than dealing with it once it has accumulated. This distinction is crucial for understanding how aircraft systems are designed to enhance safety during flight operations in potentially hazardous weather conditions.